Armenia Armenian

World’s Oldest Winery Discovered In Armenia

We associate wine with European culture, at its earliest a Greco-Roman phenomenon, regularly referenced in classic drama and literature. But like so many important European institutions (language, religion), the true originator of wine came from further east. We have known for some time that grapes were fermented in Iran, Armenia and Georgia between 8000 and 6000 BC. They came to this conclusion after studying containers in Georgia dating back some 8000 years, that contained wine residues. But in January 2011, an academic paper was published detailing the discovery of the first evidence of the actual early industry behind winemaking. The discovery was made in a cave in Armenia.

We’re not talking about anything on the scale of modern day Sauvignon Blanc Wine manufacture, this latest discover is the earliest proof yet of the ancient processes of wine pressing and storage. The discovery of the cave pushes certainty about the era of ancient wine making some 1000 years earlier than the last known winery achieved. Within the ancient wine production facility, Archaeologists were shocked to find a stone press as well as several fermentation vats and storage jars among the detritus. It is unlikely that his was a commercial winery. Even 6000 years ago, wine often had a ceremonial use: here, the Winery is in close proximity to a cemetery. This is also hinted at by the analysis of residues and plant matter in and round the items, which suggest the wine was red.

White wine seems to have only appeared in findings dated from 3000 BCE and more recently. Red wine has only quite recently lost a millennia-old dominance in wine growth, associated with its versatility in religious ceremony. Many of our modern white wines, including Gewurztraminer wine, tend to be growths that originated in the middle ages and sometimes later. However, there are clear genetic links with modern wine back to these classical wines. Evidence of the use of ‘vitis vinifera’ has been found, and this vine is still in use today. But red wine’s historical significance is also proven by evidence of merlot grapes in the local area.

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